School of Justice Studies

20240815_PowellPalooza_08

Chair

Dr. David May 
859-622-3371
Stratton Building, Room 467

Faculty

K. Blevins, J. Brent, A. Brisman, A. Copenhaver, C. Dewhurst, G. Ferrell, S. Hunt, P. Kraska, D. Paulsen, K. Powell, C. Root, J. Schept, I. Soderstrom, C. Swain, S. Williams

The School of Justice Studies offers bachelor’s degrees in Corrections & Juvenile Justice, Criminal Justice, and Police Studies; an Associate of Science in Police Studies; university certificates in Correctional Intervention Strategies and Juvenile Justice; and minors in Criminal Justice and Police Studies.

The Bachelor of Science in Corrections and Juvenile Justice prepares graduates for careers in corrections, juvenile justice, and community supervision through applied learning in evidence-based practices, case management, and rehabilitation, and supports pursuit of graduate study.

The Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice prepares graduates for careers across the criminal justice system, including law enforcement, courts, and corrections, emphasizing ethical decision-making, criminological knowledge, and professional practice, and provides a foundation for advanced study.

The Bachelor of Science in Police Studies prepares graduates for careers in law enforcement and public safety through applied instruction in policing strategies, community engagement, and legal principles, and supports graduate education.

The Associate of Science in Police Studies prepares students for entry-level employment in law enforcement and public safety and for transfer into bachelor’s degree programs.

The University Certificates in Correctional Intervention Strategies and Juvenile Justice provide focused preparation in evidence-based practices for working with justice-involved individuals and youth, supporting workforce advancement.

The Minor in Criminal Justice and Minor in Police Studies provide foundational knowledge of the criminal justice system and policing, complementing a variety of majors and supporting career interests in public safety.

The School offers a 3+2 combination program leading to the Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice and partial completion of the Master of Science in Criminology and Criminal Justice. Qualified students may complete up to nine hours of master’s-level coursework that apply to both undergraduate and graduate degree requirements.

Bachelor’s

Associate's

Minor

Certificate

Courses

Correctional and Juvenile Justice Studies

COR 201.  Introduction to Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Introduction to historical, philosophical, and operational frameworks of US corrections. Debates the goals of punishment explores institutional and community-based sentencing options.

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COR 302.  Living and Working in Prison.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as CRJ 302. Examines inmate subcultures and violence in prisons. Analyzes prison enviroment for correctional officers. Explores life behind bars/offender difficulties in reentering society. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for COR 301 or CRJ 302.

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COR 303.  Community Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Formerly: COR 330. Cross-listed as CRJ 303. Explores impact offenders have on community. Examines formal correctional options and alternative methods social control used to manage offenders in community. Credit will not be awarded with CRJ 303 or COR 330.

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COR 311.  The Juvenile Justice System.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed with CRJ 311. Examines the evolution of thejuvenile justice system, police response to delinquency, and juvenile court's roles in protecting the public and serving children. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 311 and COR 311.

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COR 321.  Delinquency Interventions.  (3 Credits)  
A. Provides in-depth analysis of risk factors of delinquency. Examines effectiveness of individual, school, and family-based interventions in both community and residential settings.

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COR 322.  School- Based Interventions for At-Risk Youth.  (3 Credits)  
A. Formerly COR 320. Examines school-based problems and interventions commonly experienced by at-risk youth. Discusses strategies for effective collaboration between schools and other youth-serving organizations. Credit will not be awarded for both COR 322 and COR 320: School Board Interventions for at Risk Youth.

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COR 323.  Legal Issues in Adult Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as CRJ 323. An overview of legal court decisions related to adult corrections. Analyzes legal issues surrounding adult correctional contexts and practices. Credit will not be awareded to students who have credit for COR 315 or CRJ 323.

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COR 330.  Community Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Surveys history and current status of community correctional programs, including diversion, probation, parole, and other community programs for adult offenders, with emphasis on programmatic philosophies, operations, effectiveness, and other related issues.

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COR 340.  Correctional and Juvenile Justice Administration.  (3 Credits)  
A. Introduces students to organizational theory and managerial theory and managerial principles, and examines their application to the unique challenges of correctional and juvenile justice settings.

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COR 349.  Applied Learning in Corrections and Juvenile Justice.  (0.5-6 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: 30 hours of college coursework and departmental approval. Work under faculty and field supervisors, in placements related to academic studies. Total hours: six, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours work experience is required for each academic credit.

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COR 350.  Rehab. Strategies for Offender.  (3 Credits)  
A. An in-depth examination of the treatment role of the correctional worker in juvenile and adult settings. Includes an historical and theoretical review with particular emphasis on contemporary approaches to treatment. Both institutional and community-based efforts are discussed.

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COR 360.  Rehabilitation Strategies for Adult and Juvenile Offenders.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as CRJ360. Debates the rehabilitative goal of corrections and juvenile justice. Examines contemprary strategies and their effectiveness in controlling/changing offender behavior. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for COR 350 or CRJ 360.

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COR 375.  Applied Skills Practicum.  (1-6 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: Departmental approval. Designed primarily for in-service personnel and others where COR 349 is inappropriate, this course provides the student with opportunity to integrate academic knowledge with a field experience.

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COR 410.  Women, Crime, and Criminal Justice.  (3 Credits)  
A. Formerly COR 423. Cross listed as CRJ 410. Analyzes Analyzes how policy and practice has impacted female arrests and incarceration. Explores gendered pathways to crime and the importance of gender-specific programming. Credit will not be awarded for both COR 410 and COR 423: “Women in Corrections”.

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COR 412.  Exploring the Death Penalty.  (3 Credits)  
A. Introduction to the history and use of the death penalty in the US. Examines purpose, fairness, and efficacy of death penalty through balanced coverage of the debate. Credit not awarded to students who have credit for COR 320: Exploring the Death Penalty.

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COR 413.  Addressing Mental Health and Substance Abuse Needs of Adult Offenders.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as CRJ 413. Examines etiology and effects of substance abuse/mental health problems of adult offenders. Describes intervention strategies. Credit not awarded to students who have credit for CRJ413 or COR 320: Addressing Mental Health & Substance Abuse Needs of Adult Offenders.

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COR 420.  Diversity in Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as AFA 346, CRJ 345, WGS 345. Focuses on issues, status, and special needs of "non-mainstream" sub-populations within the US correctional system, both inmates and personnel.

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COR 421.  Intervening with Juvenile Sex Offenders.  (3 Credits)  
(3) A. Formerly COR 423. Provides comprehensive overview of field of juvenile sex offenders and the risk they pose. Focuses on etiology, evaluation, assessment, treatment, and management of juvenile sex offenders. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for COR 423: Intervening w/ Juvenile Sex Offenders.

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COR 422.  Legal Issues in Juvenile Justice.  (3 Credits)  
(3) A. Introduces the major bodies of law that inform juvenile justice practice and examines juvenile's legal rights. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for COR 316 or COR 423 "Advanced Legal Issues in Juvenile Justice".

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COR 423.  Topical Seminar:___.  (3 Credits)  
A. Intensive study of selected topics related to corrections and juvenile justice. May be retaken to a maximum of twelve hours on different topics.

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COR 450S.  Service Learning in COR.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: Departmental approval. Intensive study of selected topics on corrections and juvenile justice. Students will engage in an experiential, or service, activity related to the topic. May be retaken for a maximum of six hours on different topics.

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COR 460.  Independent Study.  (1-6 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: Departmental approval. Individual study and/or research on a problem pertaining to corrections and/or juvenile justice. Student must have the independent study proposal form approved by the faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment.

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COR 470.  Delinquency & Crime Prevention.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: departmental approval. Policy-relevant research designed to broaden program evaluation experience through assignments in evaluation planning, research design, data interpretation/analysis, and translation of findings to policy. Activities conducted in classroom, computer laboratory, and in the field. May be retaken for 6 hours in program.

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Criminal Justice

CRJ 101.  Introduction to Criminal Justice.  (3 Credits)  
A. A general overview of the criminal justice system including a description of the major agencies: police, prosecution, courts, and corrections, and an analysis of their interdependence in the criminal justice process. [Social and Behavioral Sciences]

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CRJ 204.  Foundations of Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
An overview of the evolution, structure, and functioning of corrections in the United States. Examines correctional processes, populations, and issues.

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CRJ 301.  Drugs, Crime, and Society.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. An examination of drug trafficking, the connection between drug use and other types of crime, and a review of drug control policies, including the impact of the media and politics.

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CRJ 302.  Living and Working in Prison.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as COR 302. Examines inmate subcultures and violence in prisons. Analyzes prison environment for correctional officers. Explores life behind bars/ offender difficulties in reentering society.

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CRJ 303.  Community Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as COR 303. Explores impact offender have on community. Examines formal correctional options and alternative methods of social control used to manage offenders in community. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 303 and COR 303.

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CRJ 305.  Domestic Violence.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross listed as WGS 305. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or WGS 201 or departmental approval. Examination of the theoretical and empirical literature on violence against women, children, and elders. Addresses such issues as physical and sexual abuse of children, courtship violence, domestic violence, marital rape, and elder abuse. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for WGS 305.

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CRJ 310.  Gangs and Society.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Explores the historical and contemporary development of street and institutional gangs. Examines the nature and definition of gangs, types of gangs, and diversity of membership of gangs. Analyzes social responses in the form of legislation, intervention and prevention strategies, public policy, media portrayals, and law enforcement. Identifies and assess social, behavioral, cultural theories of gangs and society. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 310, Gangs and Society, and CRJ 423, Topical Seminar: Gangs.

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CRJ 311.  Juvenile Justice System.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as COR 311. Examines the evolution of the juvenile justice system, police repsonse to deliquency, and juvenile court's role in protecting the public and serving children. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 311 and COR 311.

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CRJ 313.  Criminal Justice Ethics.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the moral, legal and normative obligations of the state and criminal justice professionals. Surveys the philosophies and theories of ethics and deviance. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 313 and CRJ 313W.

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CRJ 313S.  Criminal Justice Ethics.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 with a grade of "C" or better, sophomore standing, or departmental approval. Examines the moral, legal and normative obligations of the state and criminal justice professionals. Surveys the philosophies and theories of ethics and deviance enhanced with a service-learning component. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for CRJ 313.

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CRJ 314.  Law and Society.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Critically examines law in everyday life. Law infuses popular media, constructs (and constrains) identity, and pervades language. In turn, media, identity, and discourse construct our understandings of law. Particular attention is paid to the law’s role in practices and discourses of resistance and in exerting social control.

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CRJ 315.  Administration of Justice.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 with a grade of C or better, sophomore standing, or departmental approval. Examines theories of organization and management as they relate to criminal justice practice. Organizational life, leadership personnel management, bureaucracy, resource management, and other critical administration issues are addressed.

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CRJ 323.  Legal Issues in Adult Corrections.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as COR 323. An overview on legal court decisions related to adult corrections. Analyzes legal issues surrounding adult correctional contexts and practices. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 323 and COR 323.

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CRJ 325.  White Collar/Crimes of the Powerful.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A review and analysis of the upper world crimes of business and government committed in the course of legitimate occupations and financial activities.

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CRJ 331.  Criminological Theory.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Overview of criminological theoretical perspectives that attempt to explain crime. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 331 and CRJ 331W.

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CRJ 340.  Crime and Media.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or departmental approval. Critiques images of crime, criminals and punishment in American popular culture. Examines news media, film and television as sites of cultural production and consumption. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Crime and Media.

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CRJ 342.  Victimology.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Explores the ‘meaning’ of victim and the social response to the victimization experience. Theories are utilized to examine victimization at the individual, organizational and societal levels within the U.S. and globally. Credit not awarded to students who have credit for CRJ 423 Victimology.

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CRJ 344.  Violence Against Women.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Cross listed as WGS 344. Explores the social character of violence against women. A variety of theories are utilized to examine this phenomenon at the individual, organizational and societal levels. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Violence Against Women or WGS 344 Violence Against Women.

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CRJ 350.  International and Comparative Criminal Justice Systems.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A survey of selected world criminal justice systems including police, courts, and corrections. Cross-national and cross-cultural criminality from several perspectives will be examined.

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CRJ 355.  Rural Crime and Justice.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: APP 200 or CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Survey of rural crime and justice issues, crime trends, policing, and control of rural crime with particular attention given to Kentucky and Appalachia. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 355 and APP 355.

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CRJ 360.  Rehabilitation Strategies for Adult and Juvenile Offenders.  (3 Credits)  
A. Cross-listed as COR 360. Debates the rehabilitative goal of corrections and juvenile justice. Examines contemporary strategies and their effectiveness in controlling/changing offender behavior. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 360 and COR 360.

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CRJ 374.  Wildlife Crime.  (3 Credits)  
Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Explores wildlife crime as a subset of green criminology (the criminological study of environmental crimes and harms). Examines the nature and scope of wildlife crime, as well as responses thereto in the form of wildlife law, legislation, policy development, nongovernmental organizations, and law enforcement. Ideas and recommendations for addressing wildlife crime by justice systems are considered. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 374 Wildlife Crime, and either CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Wildlife Crime or CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Policing Wildlife.

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CRJ 375.  Climate Change and Crime.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Overview of climate change and its effects. Draws on leading crime theories to discuss the potential impact of climate change on crime. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 375 Climate Change and Crime and CRJ 406 Critical Issues in CRJ: Climate Change and Crime.

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CRJ 388.  Research Methods.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Overview of the research process, with emphasis on finding, using, and evaluating criminal justice research. Examination of both quantitative and qualitative social science research methods and procedures appropriate to the study of crime policy and criminal justice. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for CRJ 388W

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CRJ 400.  Criminal Justice Statistics.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Analytical and statistical concepts and procedures relevant to crime and criminal justice data. Includes quantitative and qualitative techniques.

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CRJ 401.  Organized Crime.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. History, scope, and methods of control of organized crime. Emphasis on local, regional, national and international control of organized crime. Cultural and social implications of the presence of organized crime are examined in depth.

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CRJ 403.  Crime Mapping.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: sophomore standing. The purpose of this class is to introduce the student to theoretical and practical aspects of crime mapping and the spatial analysis of crime. In addition the lab portion of the class will provide hands-on training in crime mapping practices. 3 Lec/2 Lab.

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CRJ 406.  Critical Issues in Criminal Justice.  (1-6 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201, Sophomore standing, or Departmental approval. Examination of the criminal justice system and process with an emphasis on problems and trends. This course provides an analytical overview of justice and its response to the needs of society. May be retaken for a maximum of six hours on different topics.

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CRJ 411.  Capital Punishment in the U.S..  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the historical and contemporary administration of the death penalty in the United States. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 411 Capital Punishment in the U.S. and CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Capital Punishment in the U.S.

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CRJ 412.  Gender, Class, and Race.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Critically examines gender, class and race and their intersections as they pertain to crime, offending, victimization, and punishment. This course will lead students to an understanding of how the criminal justice apparatus operates within larger social, political, and economic systems of oppression and domination over marginalized populations.

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CRJ 413.  Addressing Mental Health and Substance Abuse Needs of Adult Offenders.  (3 Credits)  
A. Formerly: COR 320. Cross-listed as COR 413. Examines etiology and effects of substance abuse/ mental health problems of adult offenders. Describes intervention strategies. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for COR 413 or COR 320.

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CRJ 422.  Human Trafficking.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Critically examines the global problem of human trafficking. Using a historical and comparative framework, this course reveals variation in human trafficking patterns in different regions of the world and efforts to combat human trafficking by means of prevention, protection, prosecution, and partnership.

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CRJ 423.  Topical Seminar:___.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or departmental approval. Intensive study of selected topics related to criminal justice. May be retaken with different topics up to 12 credit hours.

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CRJ 424.  Field Experience.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: Instructor and Departmental approval and CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201. Designed to broaden the educational experience through appropriate observational work assignments. (Intended for pre-service students in non-sworn positions.) May be retaken 1 time for 6 total credit hours.

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CRJ 430.  Crime and the Economy.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines capitalism as it contributes to crime. Demonstrates how cultural aspirations and structural barriers create a criminogenic society and socioeconomic bias in criminal justice.

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CRJ 440.  Pathological Gambling and Crime.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. This course examines problem gambling and its relationship to crime and criminal justice. Special attention is given law, corrections, and offending. Credit will not be awarded for both CRJ 440 Pathological Gambling and Crime and CRJ 423 Topical Seminar: Problem Gambling.

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CRJ 460.  Independent Study.  (1-3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: Departmental approval and Instructor approval and CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201. Individual study and/or research on a problem pertaining to criminal justice. Student must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and departmental chair prior to enrollment. May be retaken for a maximum of six hours.

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Police Studies

PLS 103.  Foundation of Policing.  (3 Credits)  
A: Overview of the role of police. The historical development of policing, police functions and bureaucratic organization are examined. Police misconduct, discretion and effectiveness receive special attention.

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PLS 216.  Criminal Law.  (3 Credits)  
I, II. The nature of the criminal act; the essential elements; theories of responsibility; exculpatory matters; overview of common law offenses; identification of trends in the law.

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PLS 218.  School Safety & Policing.  (3 Credits)  
Introduction to school safety in the US, specifically focusing on school policing. This includes the history of school safety, juvenile violence, as well as the criminal justice system response in the context of modern media, political affairs, and public perceptions.

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PLS 220.  Criminal Investigation.  (3 Credits)  
A. Fundamental of criminal investigation, crime scene search and recording, collection and preservation of physical evidence, scientific aids, modus operandi, sources of information, interviews and interrogation, follow-up, case preparation and case management.

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PLS 315.  Police Administration and Management.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or departmental approval. Critically examines the theories of motivation, leadership, and organization in the police context. Police administrative and management functions studied emphasizing personnel management and organizational change.

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PLS 316.  Criminal Evidence.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Overview of trial procedures; classification of evidence; proof; presumptions; relevance; eyewitness identification; testimonial privileges; character; hearsay; impeachment; scientific evidence; collection and preservation of evidence.

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PLS 326.  Ethical Decisions and Police.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the problems of ethical philosophies, theories and law in the context of policing. Consideration is given to problems of police judgment arising from unquestioned assumptions about morality. Focuses on forms of ethical violation at the individual, group and organization levels as well as strategies for prevention and control. Credit will not be awarded for both PLS 326 and PLS 326W.

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PLS 330.  Topics in Police Studies.  (1-6 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examination of a contemporary issue in policing including historical perspective, societal issues, present status, and future development. The police response to a specific problem is the core of this course. Course may be taken for a maximum of six hours under different headings.

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PLS 340.  Conservation Officer.  (3 Credits)  
Overview of federal and state wildlife conservation laws and regulations and the unique responsibilities and challenges faced by conservation officers, game wardens, forest/park rangers, and other officials working to enforce them.

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PLS 349.  Applied Learning in Police Administration.  (0.5-15 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Work under faculty and field supervisors, in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; fifteen, baccalaureate. Minimum 80 hours work required for each academic credit. A maximum of three hours of PLS 349 and CRJ 424 can be applied toward the PLS major or minor.

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PLS 375.  Terrorism/ Counterterrorism.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A study of domestic, foreign, transnational and state terrorism. This course examines issues related to defining, preventing and combating terrorism. Various social and historical forces and events will be considered in order to contextualize specific key individuals, organizations and actions.

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PLS 380.  Police in the Popular Media.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A study of the public’s perception of police through popular media (music, radio, television, films, short stories and books) and how those media sources might influence policing itself.

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PLS 385.  Police Related Violence.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A descriptive, theoretical and philosophical approach to violence used by the police and violence directed toward them. Psychological and sub-cultural impacts will be examined. Additional analysis associated with lethal and non-lethal violence policy and strategies are included.

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PLS 395.  Crime Analysis.  (3 Credits)  
Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Introduction to Crime Analysis and its applications, focusing on designing, conducting, and analyzing data related to crime and policing, including both quantitative and qualitative methods and procedures. Emphasizes applications by professionals in the field.

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PLS 401.  Diversity and Police.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the policing of marginalized populations and investigates the realities of these persons within policing. Specific populations can include racial and ethnic minorities, age, women, sexual minorities, persons with physical and mental disabilities, immigrant populations, veterans, and others.

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PLS 403.  Homicide.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Explore current theoretical, philosophical and empirical literature associated with homicide. Content includes descriptive, theoretical, empirical, and practical explanations of criminal homicide patterns. Included will be an examination of death investigation systems and police responses.

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PLS 408.  Cybercrime.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the current realities of cyber crime and the official police response. Consideration will be given to legal issues, civil liberties, police deviance and the sociopolitical impacts of technology.

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PLS 410.  The Police and Community.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines relationships between the police and community that address crime and quality of life problems. Community is examined as a geographical space made of multiple and diverse publics sometimes requiring different strategies and attention. A distinction is drawn between public relations and police community partnerships.

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PLS 414.  Social Forces and Policing Society.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the history and evolution of policing in the United States with an emphasis on the political, social, cultural, legal and organizational forces that have molded that history. The roles and functions of police in America are examined in detail within the context of race, class and gender.

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  1. Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: \\n,
  2. Comprehend the different aspects of society associated with historical, social, cultural, and political issues and events related to police and policing. \\n,
  3. Evaluate and apply fundamental theories, ideas, arguments, and points of view to current events, personal experience, and political and media presentations of police and policing related issues. \\n,
  4. Analyze and synthesize the implications of various historical, cultural and social factors that shape our understanding of the role of police and policing in the United States. \\n,
  5. Develop and explain their own informed perspectives about police and policing within the context of various historical, cultural and social factors.
  
PLS 415.  Contemporary Police Strategies.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 102 or Departmental approval. Review of contemporary police issues, programs, and strategies. Detailed analysis and evaluation of police practices, including impact on the relationship between the police and the community. Assessment of police reform measures and accountability mechanism.

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PLS 416.  Criminal Procedure.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: PLS 216; and CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. A detailed study of the laws of arrest (including the use of force), search and seizure, emphasizing the constitutional basis, historical development, statutes, and recent court decisions. Credit will not be awarded for PLS 416 and 416W.

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PLS 420.  Surveillance and Society.  (3 Credits)  
A. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or PLS 103 or COR 201 or Departmental approval. Examines the nexus of surveillance, policing, and society. The course explores the role of states, corporations and individuals in monitoring and policing of bodies, populations, property and information. Consideration is given to historical and contemporary dynamics of surveillance: socio-technical assemblages, risk and security discourses, institutional blurring, inequalities and civil liberties.

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