I, II. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or ENG 105(B) or HON 102. Corss-listed as EMS 200. An exploration if the diversity of Sub-Saharan Africa through an immersion in pre-Colonial children's songs and games. The course aims at developing a deeper understanding and sensitity to cultural diversity in Africa. Credit will not be awarded for both EMS 200 and AFA200. Gen. Ed. E-6.

A. Introduces students to the historical, socio-economic, cultural, and political experiences of African people in Africa and the Diaspora. It fulfills a core requirement for African/African-American Studies. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for AFA 201W. Gen. Ed. Element 3B and Element 6

A. An overview of the historical, social, political, economic, and cultural factors that have helped shape the experiences of African Americans in the United States. It fulfills a core requirement for African and African American Studies. Credit will not be awarded for both AFA202 and AFA202W. Gen. Ed. VII (SBS) and VIII.

A. Cross listed as EHS 225. Provides the student with an understanding of the medical and public health issues relevant to the maintenance of health conditions both in the United States and Africa. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for EHS 225.

A. Specialized study of selected topics not available in traditional course offerings. Course designed for lower-division students. May be retaken with different topics to a maximum of six hours.

A. Cross listed as HIS 304. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. The history of slavery, bound labor, and freedom in the Western Hemisphere. Special attention will be given to anti-slavery and abolitionist movements. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 304.

A. Course cross listed with HIS 305. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. African history to 1500; Europe, Africa, and the Americas; trans-Atlantic and domestic slave trades; American slavery: emancipation; post-emancipation experiences and initiatives; persistence of black nationalism. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 305.

A. Cross listed as EDF 330. This course introduces the major themes of Black populations educational opportunities in Southern States in the U.S. Students will acquire knowledge about historical events, people and policies shaping the evolution of Blacks in education. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for EDF 330. Gen. Ed. VIII.

A. Cross listed as POL 345. Examination and comparison of various theories, strategies, forms of participation, leadership styles, and concepts (e.g. Black Power) of minority group politics. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for POL 345. Gen Ed. VIII.

A. Specialized study of selected topics not available in traditional course offerings. May be retaken with different topics to a maximum of six hours.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student¿s academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student¿s academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student's academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student's academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student's academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Work in a cooperative placement related to student's academic studies. May earn a maximum of three hours. A minimum of 80 hours work required for each semester hour credit.

A. Cross-listed as POL 356. Prerequisite: ENG 102(B) or ENG 105(B) or HON 105(B). Examination of political ideas espoused by African American activists from the nineteenth century to the present. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for POL 356. Gen. Ed. E-6.

A. Cross listed as ENG 360. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or ENG 105 (B) or HON 102. Survey of the genres and components of African literature, oral and written; study of how key concepts in African thought, culture and experiences are reflected in the literatures composed by writers from Africa or of African origins. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for ENG 360. Gen. Ed. Element 6.

A. Prerequisite ENG 102 or 102R or 105(B) or HON 102. Cross listed as ENG 361. Survey of selected works of African American literary traditions. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for ENG 361. Gen. Ed. Element 6.

A. Cross listed as ENG 367. Prerequisites: ENG 102 or ENG 102R or ENG 105 (B) or HON 102. A study of selected literatures written by Caribbean writers of African descent. Credit will not be awarded for both AFA 367 and ENG 367.

A. Through a service-learning approach this course provides an opportunity for students to research the historical people, institutions, and cultural factors that helped shape the experience of African-Americans in Madison County, Kentucky.

A. Cross listed as WGS 378. Examines the lives of African-American women from slavery to the present with emphasis on the impact of race, gender, and class issues on their multi-faceted lives as women in America. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for WGS 378.

A. Cross listed as HIS 385. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 105 (B) or HON 102. History of Africa from earliest times to 1860. Emphasis on social, political, economic, and cultural change in states and societies; oral tradition; the environmental and human activities; slavery and the slave trades. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 385.

A. Cross listed as HIS 386. ENG 102, 105 (B) or HON 102. History of Africa from the 19th century to the present. Themes include: trade and politics; European conquest and African resistance; rural survival and urban popular culture; race, class, gender, ethnicity, and age; African nationalism and independence. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 386.

A. Cross listed as HIS 388. History of Islam and politics in West Africa from 1000 C.E. to the present. Emphasis on the role of Islam in major socioeconomic, political, and cultural transformations of West African states and societies. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 388.

A. Cross-listed as SOC 400. Prerequisites: SOC 131 or SOC 235; ENG 102 or ENG 102R or ENG 105(B) or HON 102. Analysis of the development of racial and ethnic relations from the perspective of sociology and related social sciences. Examination of issues related to dominant and minority group status in the United States and cross-culturally. Gen. Ed. E-6. Credit will not be awarded for both AFA 400 and SOC 400.

A. Cross listed as HIS 435. Prerequisites: Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours AFA or departmental approval. Examination through primary and secondary sources of the origins, course, ideologies, and legacy of the mid-twentieth century American movement for racial justice and equality. Discussion of the central scholarly issues in civil rights studies. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 435.

A. Prerequisites: AFA 201, AFA 202, and departmental approval. Individual study and/or research on a problem/topic pertaining to African, African American and/or African Caribbean experience. Student must have the independent study proposal form approved by the faculty supervisor and the program director prior to enrollment.

(3) A. Prerequisite: AFA 201 or AFA 202 or Departmental Approval. This course investigates the symbolism of textile design in Africa, as it examines the developments in contemporary textile art within Africa and in the African Diaspora.

A. A course to meet the PCC deficiency in Social Sciences. This course will emphasize the way in which history is researched and written and will foster an understanding of how other related disciplines assist in historical analysis. This course does not count toward graduation.

(3) A. Introductory exploration of a broad regional or thematic topic in world history prior to 1500. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 231 or 246. Limit to three credit hours. Gen. Ed. A-5A.

(3) A. Introductory exploration of a broad regional or thematic topic in world history since 1500. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 147, 232, or 247. Limited to three credit hours. Gen. Ed. E-5A.

(3) A. Formerly: HIS 202. Transition from colonial to independent republic; social, cultural, and economic instutitons derived from agrarian conditions; the influence of European foundations. Reuqired of all majors and minors in history. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 202. Gen. Ed. E-5A.

(3) A. Formerly: HIS 203. Conflicts between demands of an industrial society and agrarian values; interrelationships between world expressions and American exprience. Required of all majors and minors in history. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 203. Gen-Ed E-5A.

(3). A. Introductory exploration of the experiences of specific historically marginalized groups or cultures. May be repeated up to 6 hours as long as content varies. Gen. Ed. Element 6.

I, II. HIS majors only. A comprehensive introduction to historical research, writing, and methodologies. Credit not awarded for HIS 201.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102 or 102R or 105 (B) or HON 102. Cross listed with ENG 299W. Collaboration focusing on disciplinary research methodology and recognizing disciplinary differences in approach by exploring a particular theme from various perspectives. Information literacy, reflection, research, and writing emphasized. This course will not be accepted for History or English non-teaching or teaching major requirements. May be retaken for a maximum of 6 credits, provided the topic differs each time. Credit will not be awarded for both ENG 299W or HIS 299W and HIS 299.

A. Movements in U.S. history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of American culture and civilization. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Movements in European history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of European culture and civilization. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Movements in non-Western history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of non-Western cultures and civilization. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

I, II. Prerequisite or Corequisite: HIS majors only, HIS 290, and ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Historical research and methodologies using case studies of specific movements in U.S. history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of cultures and civilizations. Formerly HIS 302.

I, II. Prerequisite: HIS majors only, HIS 290, and ENG 102, 102R, 105(B) or HON 102. Historical research and methodologies using case studies of specific movements in European history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of cultures and civilizations. Formerly HIS 302.

I, II. Prerequisite or Corequisite: HIS majors only, HIS 290, and ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Historical research and methodologies using case studies of specific movements in Non-Western history that have influenced and continue to influence the course of cultures and civilizations. Formerly HIS 302.

A. Cross listed as WGS 303. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Social, economic, and cultural role of women in America. Women's work; social position and status; women in reform movements; feminism and the suffrage movements; the new feminism. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for WGS 303.

A. Cross listed as AFA 304. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or departmental approval. The history of slavery, bound labor, and freedom in the Western Hemisphere. Special attention will be given to anti-slavery and abolitionist movements. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for AFA 304.

A. Cross listed as AFA 305. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. African history to 1500; Europe, Africa, and the Americas; trans-Atlantic and domestic slave trades; American slavery; emancipation; post-emancipation experiences and initiatives; persistence of black nationalism. Credit will not be bawarded to students who have credit for AFA 305.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Examination of the impact of religious issues upon American history, including units on such questions as church-state relations and the role of religion in American perspectives on culture, ethnicity, gender, and social and economic change. Credit will not be awarded for both HIS 307 and HIS 300A: Religion in American History.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Native American history from pre-contact to the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Emphasis placed on the nature and impact of encounters with Europeans.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Native American history from the Indian Removal Era to the present. Emphasis placed on both native perspectives and federal policies.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. The development of scientific concepts through the ages, contribution of science to civilization, philosophy of science, and biographical sketches.

A. Individual research and/or reading on a problem area in history. Regular reports and final research paper required. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment.

A. Individual research and/or reading on a problem area in U.S. history. Regular reports and final research paper required. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment.

A. Individual research and/or reading on a problem area in European history. Regular reports and final research paper required. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment.

A. individual research and/or reading on a problem area in Non-Western history. Regular reports and final research paper required. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Important issues and events in the history of the United States during the Twentieth Century. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Islamic societies in the Middle East, Central and Southern Asia, North Africa, and Spain from seventh to eighteenth century. Origins and spread of Islamic civilization. Spiritual foundations, institutions, politics, and art. Florescence of "gunpowder empires."

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Study of the history of the modern Middle East from the close of the 18th century to the present, with emphasis on the religious, social, cultural, and political dimensions of societies in the region.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102l. Iran from ancient to contemporary times with the emphasis on the modern period, with particular attention to politics, religion, and culture. Zoroastrianism, Islam, Tobacco Revolt, Constitutional Revolution, the Pahlavis and the 1953 coup, Islamic Revolution.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Important issues and events in the history of Ancient Egypt or the Near East (including Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Israel) from the earliest human activity to the Greco-Roman Period. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Greek society and culture; emergence of the Roman Republic; the Roman Empire.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. The collapse of the Classical world; the Germanic migrations; early Byzantine and Islamic civilizations; the Carolingians; the church and society; feudalism; commercial and urban revival; the rise of territorial states and the beginnings of European expansion.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 105l. European society, culture, economy and politics, 1348-1689. "Black Death" and its impact; Italian Renaissance humanism and art; Christian humanism and European expansion in the age of Columbus; Protestant and Catholic reform movements; religious wars. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 344.

A. Prerequisite: departmental approval. Does not apply toward a major or minor in history. Work in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; sixteen, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours employment required for each semester hour credit.

A. Prerequisite: departmental approval. Does not apply toward a major or minor in history. Work in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; sixteen, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours employment required for each semester hour credit.

Does not apply toward a major or minor in history. Work in placements related to academic studies.

Does not apply toward a major or minor in history. Work in placements related to academic studies.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Important issues and events in the history of England. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Important issues and events in the history of Modern Europe since 1648. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. Important issues and events in the history of Eurasia. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours provided topics vary.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Cultural, social, economic and political events leading to the 1917 Revolution. The history of the Soviet Union including its break-up into independent states.

A. Formerly HIS 347. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Global consequences of World War II, the Cold War, decolonization, and superpower interventionism. The transition from a bipolar to a multipolar international system, the collapse of communism, and the spread of terrorism. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 347.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. China and Japan from the beginnings of East Asian civilization in Neolithic times to the early modern period; the development of key social, economic, and political institutions; the Confucian tradition and the introduction of Buddhism; the Mongol era; the late imperial order in China and the emergence of Japanese feudalism.

A. Formerly HIS 475. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Japan from 1600 to the present. Included will be the arrival of the West, industrialization, militarism, World War II, and Japan as economic superpower. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 475.

A. Formerly HIS 474. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102. Han Chinese dissent and collaboration under Qing (Manchu) rule; conflicts with the West; rapid economic and cultural change; Revolution of 1911; Nationalist-Communist civil war and Japanese Occupation; Great Leap Forward, Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for HIS 474.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102. The national period in Latin American history, with emphasis on dependency theory, Roman Catholicism in the region, and United States-Latin American relations.

A. Cross listed as AFA 385. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B) or HON 102. History of Africa from earliest times to 1860. Emphasis on social, political, economic, and cultural change in states and societies; oral tradition; the environmental and human activities; slavery and the slave trades. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for AFA 385.

A. Cross listed as AFA 386. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B) or HON 102. History of Africa from the 19th century to the present. Themes include: trade and politics; European conquest and African resistance; rural survival and urban popular culture; race, class, gender, ethnicity, and age; African nationalism and independence. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for AFA 386.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Political and social history of the 13 colonies and their neighbors; European background; settlement; westward expansion; intercolonial conflicts; beginnings of culture; colonial opposition to imperial authority.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Colonial background of Revolution; internal and external nature of Revolution; problems associated with Confederation; events leading to the American Constitution.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Examination of pre-contact, colonial, and American western histories; role of Indigenous peoples; migration and immigration; extractive industries; federal authority.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Cold War competition from a U.S. perspective. Covers Keynesian and Supply-Side economics, and organized labor. Containment in Europe and the Third World, emphasizing Vietnam. Impact of race, gender, and sexuality on culture and society.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102, three hours HIS, or departmental approval. Kentucky's social, economic and political development from frontier times to the present day. The Kentucky experience of such national trends as migration, urbanization, industrialism and expanding government. Credit will not be awarded for both HIS 416 and HIS 516.

A. Cross listed as APP 420. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105(B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. The relationship between Appalachia and the rest of the United States. Topics include the "yeoman" myth, coal industrialization, settlement houses, company towns, and the identification of the region with poverty. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for APP 420.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or department approval. Exploration of Civil War era through culture, politics, society, the military, race, gender, and sexuality. Emphasis on the role of slavery and race in the antebellum sectional crisis, the war, Reconstruction, and historical memory.

A. Cross listed as AFA 435. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B), or HON 102; three hours HIS or departmental approval. Examination through primary and secondary sources of the origins, course, ideologies, and legacy of the mid-twentieth century American movement for racial justice and equality. Discussion of the central scholarly issues in civil rights studies. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for AFA 435.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 102R, 105 (B) or HON 102; HIS major; HIS 200, 201, or 290; and six hours of the following: HIS 302A, 302B, 302C. Research and writing in History. Credit not awarded to students who have credit for HIS 450W.

A. Prerequisites: ENG 102, 105 (B) or HON 102; HIS major; HIS 200, 201, or 290; and six hours of the following: HIS 302A, 302B, 302C. Research and writing in History. Credit not awarded to students who have credit for HIS 450.

(3) A. Prerequisite: ACT scores: Math 19 or higher; Reading 20 or higher; and English 18 or higher or ENG 101 or 101R(C) or minimum placement test score. Introductory course in the analysis and evaluation of arguments, with primary focus on deductive validity and the systems of categorical and propositional logic. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 101R. Gen. Ed. E-2.

(4) A. Prerequisite: ACT scores: Reading 20 or higher; and English 18 or higher or ENG 101 or 101R(C) or minimum placement test score. Introductory course in the analysis and evaluation of arguments, with a primary focus on deductive validity and the systems of categorical and propositional logic. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 101. Gen. Ed. E-2.

I, II. Basic introductory course in philosophy. Consideration of perennial questions of the human experience, especially questions about reality, knowledge, self, values, and religious belief. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 110W. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

I, II. Survey of theories concerning the nature of right and wrong, emphasizing how these theories can be applied to personal moral choices. Credit will not awarded for both PHI 130 and PHI 130S. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

A. Study of religious experience, faith and knowledge, the nature and existence of God, the problem of evil, religious ethics, and religious language. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 240W. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

A. Survey of philosophical thought as seen through an examination of selected issues and selected philosophers from ancient Greece through the early Roman period. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 300W. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

A. Study of Christian, Jewish, and Islamic philosophical thought in the Middle Ages and of Renaissance scholasticism. Issues in various areas of philosophical inquiry are examined through selected readings from Augustine to Suarez.

A. Examination of some major issues and some major philosophers from the 17th and 18th centuries. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

A. A survey of the principal schools of philosophic thought of the twentieth century in Europe and America, with special attention to the important issues which emerge.

A. Study of the influence of such existentialists as Nietzsche, Husserl, Sartre, de Beauvior, and Heidegger on contemporary postmodern theories such as Foucault, Baudrillard, Derrida, Kristeva, and Irigaray.

A. How views of reality, knowledge, and values relate to science and scientists. Philosophical assumptions of science examined through historical examples of scientific investigations. The value and the values of scientific methods and scientific theories. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for PHI 340W. General Education VIII (Option 3).

A. A critical examination of basic beliefs held by Americans regarding themselves, their culture, and world, through the thought of modern American philosophers such as Royce, Peirce, James, Santayana, Woodbridge, Dewey, and Whitehead.

A. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Work in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; sixteen, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours employment required for each semester hour credit.

A. An elaboration of the various approaches to metaphysics in the history of philosophy, including contemporary anti-metaphysical points of view.

A. An examination of the nature, possibility, limits, sources and value of knowledge of minds and the world.

(3) A. Prerequisite: ENG 102, ENG 105 (B), or HON 102; PHI 110 or 130. An advanced course in ethics that examines the intersection of ethical tehory and practical ehtics. Topics inlude major ethical theories, the nature and aims of applied ehtics, and critical and creative thinking in ethical problem-solving.

A. An examination of philosophical issues related to science, technology, public health, economics, and the environment, with special attention being given to the personal and social ethical issues that arise in these contexts. Gen. Ed. VIII.

A. Basic introduction to modern symbolic logic: propositional logic, first order predicate logic, proofs and metaproofs, and nature and properties of formal logic systems. Gen. Ed. VII (QS).

A. An examination of major theories of animal welfare and rights; consideration of issues involving the use of animals as food and other goods, animal experimentation, wildlife, endangered species, hunting, animals and sport, pets, and zookeeping.

A. An examination of the value-issues which surround problems that arise in health-related fields and whose resolution calls for moral judgments. Typical problems would include: euthanasia, experimentation with humans, behavior control, genetic engineering, and distribution of health care facilities. Credit will not be awarded for both PHI 383 and PHI 383W.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or 102R or ENG 105 (B) or HON 102. An examination of historical and contemporary views of the values and rights of nature. Possible topics include animal rights, conservationism, the land ethic, stewardship, deep ecology, ecofeminism, and indigenous approaches to the environment. Credit will not be awarded for both PHI 385 and ENV 385.

A. An examination of ethical theories, of major ethical thinkers, or of an applied ethical field like business ethics or environmental ethics. May be retaken to a maximum of fifteen hours if the topic is different.

A. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Detailed examination of a problem-area or a school of philosophy in the history of philosophy or the thought on one outstanding philosopher. May be retaken to a maximum of fifteen hours if the topic is different.

A. Examination of the major philosophical theories of art and beauty and the place of aesthetic language in the general area of value judgments. Representative classical and contemporary figures will be considered.

(1-3) I, II. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Individual research and reading on a specified philosophical problem chosen by the student and instructor. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours if topic is different.

A. Prerequisite: Departmental Approval. Supervised, independent project for seniors majoring in philosophy.

A. Cross-listed as POL 551. Examination of Western political thought from Plato to Aquinas. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for POL 551, POL 551W or PHI 551W.

A. Cross-listed as POL 552. Examination of Western political theory from the Renaissance to the mid-twentieth century. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for POL 552, POL 552W or PHI 552W.

A. Cross-listed as POL 553. Examination of Western political theory form the mid-twentieth century to the present. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for POL 553, POL 553W or PHI 553W.

I, II. Study of the basic notions found in the world¿s great religions. Attention is given to the historical context of the development of these religions and to the doctrines, rituals and literature produced by them. Credit will not be awarded to students who have credit for REL 301W. Gen. Ed. Element 3B

(3) A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or ENG 105(B) or HON 102. An overview of methods used by scholars to study religions, and a introduction to several influential theories that have shaped the field of religious studies from the nineteenth century to the present.

I. A survey of the history and religious development of the ancient Hebrews, with attention given to the religious concepts and values of the literature of the Old Testament.

II. A study of the history of the New Testament times and an examination of the meanings and significance of the teachings of Jesus and the writings of the early Church.

A. A survey of Christian theology, philosophical theology, and spirituality from the Apostolic Fathers through the early Reformation period.

A. Prerequisite:ENG 102 or ENG 105(B) or HON 102. This course introduces students to the main beliefs and practices of Judaism. Students will read a broad selection of primary sources ranging from the Hebrew Bible to contemporary Jewish thought in the United States. Gen. Ed. Element 6.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or 105(B) or HON 102. A study of the origins and religious development of Islam by an examination of the Koran and the writings of some major Islamic thinkers. GEN. ED. E-6.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or 105(B) or HON 102. Study of the major religions of India including the Vedic Period, classical systems, Epic Period, heterodox systems, orthodox systems, and contemporary thought. Gen Ed. Element 6

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or Eng 105(B) or HON102. Study of the major religions of China and Japan, including original Han, Confucianism, Cho Schools, Neo-Taoism, Shinto, and Chinese and Japanese Buddhism. Gen. Ed. E-6.

A. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Work in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; sixteen, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours employment required for each semester hour credit.

A. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Work in placements related to academic studies. One to eight hours credit per semester or summer. Total hours: eight, associate; sixteen, baccalaureate. A minimum of 80 hours employment required for each semester hour credit.

A. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or 105(B) or HON 102. A critical introduciton to the main beliefs and practices of Buddhism, from its origins in India to its most traditional manifestations in Asia and its latest developments in Europe and North America. Gen. Ed. E-6

A. A study of traditional African religions and other religions in Africa.

A. An examination of recent proposals for a global ethics (Peter Singer, Hans Kung, Dalai Lama), and on the theory and practice of interreligious dialogue as a possible means to arrive at cross-cultural ethical perspectives.

(3) A. Cross-listed as WGS 365. Prerequisite: ENG 102 or 105(B) or HON 102. A study of the intersections between feminism and the social impact of religion throughout the world with particular emphasis on the relationship between religion and gender, sexuality, and body politics. Credit will not be awarded for both REL 365 and WGS 365.

A. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Intensive study of a selected topic or an important figure in religion. May be retaken to a maximum of fifteen hours if the topic is different.

I, II. Prerequisite: consult with department chair before enrolling. Individual study under the direction of an instructor on a special topic in religion. Students must have the independent study proposal form approved by faculty supervisor and department chair prior to enrollment. May be retaken to a maximum of six hours if topic is different.